

Hardaker and Singh (2011) claim that compared to traditional learning, e-learning has undergone tremendous innovations, and it has significantly changed the profile of higher education over the past decade. Fitria and Kenedi (2021) state that e-learning allows students to learn whenever and whatever they want, whereas traditional learning requires a physical location for students and educators to meet. At this time of great crises, e-learning has become the salvation and is considered the best option to continue uninterrupted education. With the emergence of the pandemic as of April 2020, 90% of the world's students population had been affected ( UNESCO, 2021). As a result, most students have been forced to stay out of their educational institutions.

One of the sectors worst affected by this pandemic is education. In most countries worldwide, the coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) pandemic has seriously affected most sectors. The full terms of this license may be seen at legalcode

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